Articles varia
- RÖMER Thomas - Isaac et Ismaël, concurrents ou cohéritiers de la promesse ? Une lecture de Genèse 16
- BRANDT Pierre-Yves - De l’usage de la frontière dans la rencontre entre Jésus et la Syrophénicienne (Mc 7/24-30)
- HORT Bernard - Quelle interprétation théologique de la psychanalyse ?
The traditional Christian interpretation of the Abraham story often forgets that the ancester has two sons : Ismaël and Isaac. By analyzing Gen. 16, the author of the present article intends to demonstrate that, for the writer and redactors of Gen. 12-25, Ismaël and his mother Hagar are very important persons. The original story of Gen. 16 was written in the VIIth century BCby an author representing the interests of the Judaean rural aristocracy. He is opposed to nationalist ideology and insists on the strong links that exists between Israel and his neighbours.
This study is divided in three parts. The first part gives a rapid survey of the main interpretation od Mk 7:24-30 in the light of the different commentators’ understanding of Mk 7:27. In the second part, psychoanalmytic (Dolto), feminist (Fander) and sociological (Theissen) interpretations of the story are discussed. The third part is devoted to an analysis of the meaning of Jesus’ crossing of the frontier in the context of Mark’s Gospel as a whole. One of the suggestions made is that Mk 7:24-30 plays a central role in Mark’s Gospel in terms of justifying the mission to the Gentiles and their interpretation into the promises made to Israel?. One another level, the use of the results of the school of Palo Alto suggests that Jesus’ response to the Syrophenician woman could be reinterpreted as an operation of reframing.
Psychoanalysis has been recently implied by many theologians. This article tries to characterize this trend by studying three « basic » examples. The author defends that this tendancy, which is quite legitimate and allowed real progress on the hamartiological area, however stays equivocal if it is referred to some important theological and psychoanalytical demands.
Dossier
- GOUNELLE André - Le Christ sans absolu. L’évaluation de Troeltsch par Tillich
- TETAZ Jean-Marc - Identité culturelle et réflexion critique. Le problème de l’universalité des droits de l’homme aux prises avec l’affirmation culturaliste. La stratégie argumentative d’Ernst Troeltsch
This study compares Troeltsch and Tillich on three issues : the incarnation ; the absoluteness of Christianity ; Christ and Christians. The comparison clarifies Tillich’s assertion that Troeltsch did not realize his intention to relate God’s transcendance with God’s presence and to conceive trancendance in non supranaturalist terms.
In the debat on the university of Human Rights, the arguments developped by Troeltsch in favour of an acknowledgement of Human Rights offers an interesting hypothesis, because they do not start from an universalist position, but admit the cultural particularity stated by historicism. With Troeltsch, J.-M. Tétaz shows that any cultural relativism implies universality at some time as its negative condition. Now this relation between universality and particularity appears to be of the same nature as the one between Human Rights as subjective rights, and the judicial order as defined by positive right. It then appears that the Christian origin of Human Rights within the spiritualist movement enables the thinker to analyse the cultural structures which foster the type of critical reflection associated with the fundamental idea of Human Rights. Troeltsch’s works on the history of Christianity and on the theoretical and practical problelms of then philosophy of history thus define the framework of a fundamental reflection on the universality of the principles of Human Rights and on the particularity of their positive wording.